Pain Management

Multimodal analgesia spanning NSAIDs, opioids, local anaesthetics, NMDA antagonists (ketamine), α2 agonists, and adjuncts. Species safety matters: NSAIDs are unsafe in some reptiles, opioid receptor distributions differ in birds, and rabbits tolerate buprenorphine particularly well.

Drugs cited for pain management (36)

Alendronate(Fosamax)
Endocrine
Amantadine(Symmetrel)
Neurological
Aminophenazone(Pyramidon)
Analgesic
Buprenorphine(Simbadol, Buprenex)
Analgesic
Buprenorphine Transmucosal (Simbadol)(Simbadol)
Miscellaneous
Butorphanol(Torbugesic, Torbutrol)
Analgesic
Butorphanol Injectable(Torbugesic, Torbutrol Injectable)
Neurological
Cannabidiol (CBD)(ElleVet)
Supplement
Carprofen(Rimadyl, Novox)
Analgesic
Detomidine (Injectable)(Dormosedan)
Sedative
Dexmedetomidine(Dexdomitor, Sileo)
Anesthetic
Duloxetine(Cymbalta)
Behavioral
Etodolac(EtoGesic, Lodine)
NSAID
Eugenol (Clove Oil)(AQUI-S, Clove Oil)
Anesthetic
Fentanyl(Duragesic, Sublimaze)
Analgesic
Firocoxib Injection(Previcox Injectable)
Miscellaneous
Frunevetmab(Solensia, Solensia (Frunevetmab Solution))
Musculoskeletal
Gabapentin(Neurontin)
Analgesic
Gabapentin Liquid (Veterinary)(Gabapentin Oral Solution Vet)
Miscellaneous
Ketamine(Ketaset, Vetalar)
Anesthetic
Maropitant(Cerenia)
Analgesic
Meclofenamic Acid(Arquel)
NSAID
Meloxicam(Metacam)
Analgesic
Meloxicam Compounded Exotic(Meloxicam Exotic Oral Suspension)
Miscellaneous
Meloxicam SR(Metacam SR)
Musculoskeletal
Methadone(Methadose)
Analgesic
Morphine
Analgesic
Nalbuphine(Nubain)
Neurological
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Veterinary(Pardale-V, Tylenol)
Analgesic
Paracetamol-Codeine Veterinary(Pardale-V)
Analgesic
Pentazocine(Talwin)
Neurological
Phenylbutazone(Butazolidin)
Analgesic
Tramadol
Analgesic
Tramadol Compounded Liquid(Tramadol Oral Solution Vet)
Miscellaneous
Tramadol Exotic(Tramadol)
Neurological
Xylazine(Rompun, AnaSed)
Sedative

Each drug page lists the dose, citation, and species-specific rules. Verify against current literature before prescribing.